Table 1 A brief comparison between the sandwich-type aptasensors and immunosensors in terms of sensing modalities, sensing platforms, and sample matrices
Target | Bioreceptors | Sensing modalities | Sensing platform | Sample matrices | LOD | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Thrombin | Ab + Apt | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Tris-HCl buffer | 0.5 nM | [8] |
Ab + Apt | LSPR sandwich | Solution phase | Binding buffer/male human serum | 1.6 pM/50 pM | [7] | |
Apt pair | Colorimetric sandwich | 96 well plate | Binding buffer | 0.4 μM | [16] | |
Ab | Impedance | On the electrode | PBS | 100 nM | [23] | |
Apt pair | Impedance | On the electrode | Binding buffer | 100 nM | [23] | |
Apt pair | FRET label free | Solution phase | Tris-HCl buffer/Serum | 0.76 nM/130 nM | [24] | |
PDGF-BB | Ab + Apt | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Tris-HCl buffer/Human serum | 18 pg/ml | [20] |
Apt pair | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Purified sample/Blood serum | 10 fM/1 pM | [29] | |
Apt pair | Electrochemical multiple sandwich | On the electrode | Tris-HCl buffer | Less than 100fM | [28] | |
Ab | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Human serum | 0.01Â ng/ml | [35] | |
CRP | Ab + Apt | Optical sandwich assay | On AR chip epoxy | Human serum | 10 μg/l | [10] |
Ab pair | Electrochemical snadwich | Electrode array | Human serum | 15Â fg/ml | [36] | |
Ramos cell | Apt pair | LFA chip | Nitrocellulose membrane strip | Human blood | 800 cells | [25] |
MCF-7 | Apt pair | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | PBS | 100 cells | [26] |
Ab pair | Electrochemiluminescence | on the electrode | Human serum | 4.5Â fg/ml | [37] | |
S. aureus | Apt pair | Electrochemical sandwich | Solution phase | Tris-HCl buffer/real tap water and river sample | 1.0Â CFU/ml/134.3Â CFU/ml | [30] |
Ab | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Phospate buffer | 1000 cells/ml | [38] | |
VEGF | Apt pair | SPR sandwich | on the Au chip | Tris-HCl buffer | 100Â pg/ml | [31] |
Ab pari | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Human serum | 21 cells/ml | [39] | |
Vaspin | Apt pair | SPR sandwich | on the Au chip | Binding buffer/Human serum | 3.5Â ng/ml/4.7Â ng/ml | [14] |
Ab + Apt | SPR based ELAAS | on the Au chip | Human serum | 39 ng/ml | [11] | |
PRRSV type II | Ab + Apt | ELAAS | 96 well plate | Binding buffer/Swine serum | 4.8 TCID50/ml | [9] |
PRRSV | Ab | Electrochemical sandwich | On the electrode | Negative serum | 380Â pg/ml | [40] |
BVDV | Apt pair | SPR sandwich | on the Au chip | Binding buffer | 500 TCID50/mL | [13] |
Ab | Light scattrering | Micro fluidic cahnnel | Tissue culture media and fetal calf serum | 10 TCID50/mL | [41] | |
H5N1 | Apt pair | SPR sandwich | on the Au chip | Binding buffer | 200 EID50/ml | [12] |
Ab | Electrochemical sandwich | Micro fluidic cahnnel | Buffer | 1Â pg/ml | [42] |